An article about 7 calming phrases for kids caught my attention, and I thought it might catch yours too. The words help parents handle tantrums by using understanding and empathy as tools to calm emotions. Then problems can be solved.

It sounds a lot like Gentle Parenting, the technique many parents use. Here’s the link to that article: https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/personalfinance/i-ve-studied-over-200-kids-parents-who-are-really-good-at-handling-tantrums-use-7-calming-phrases/ar-AA1JOOxN?ocid=winp2fptaskbarhover&cvid=af1c5db946564753bdf41ab69c2e75e9&ei=21


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​       #1. ‘You’re having a big feeling. I’m right here with you.’
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​The big idea for this phrase, to validate that feeling. To let kids know they’re not alone.
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Emotions are hard to navigate, no matter your age. If someone understands and supports you, it helps. It can shrink big feelings. Over time, with practice, it will even get faster and easier for you and your child.


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​Can you imagine the relief a kid feels after hearing that? It builds trust and helps them calm down faster. Why? They don’t have to scream to be heard.

My note of caution from the parent and teacher in me, I’d still say I believe in you, no matter what. Even if my child told me an untruth. OK, a lie, but sometimes littles don’t always understand what they’re saying or feeling, especially during a meltdown. 

 

             #3. 'Your feelings make sense.'

The big idea behind this phrase, I understand you and your feelings. Who doesn’t want to hear that?!
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I wondered, what would you say if you weren’t sure how your child felt or why? Me, I’d start with I love you. Everyone needs to hear that. Then I’d ask about their feelings and go from there.


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​The key words…not upset and help. Imagine being a kid who just threw a temper tantrum. Your parents aren’t mad; they understand and want to help.

Wow! You don’t have to worry about being in trouble. You can focus on calming down. 


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Here’s to empathy and understanding! Everyone gets mad. Kids, parents, me too, but the last line changes everything. It tells a child they’re safe, and everyone around them too. Thanks to a good parent!

We adults could use that too. We should give ourselves permission to feel angry, then channel it so we don’t hurt anyone else, including ourselves. Think of it as modeling a good strategy, while your child is learning it too.

         Tomorrow: Two more phrases, a sneak peek, plus a final conclusion

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​                     6. 'Take your time. I'm not going anywhere.'

Time is a gift others give you. If your child panics and melts down, give them your time. Time to calm down until the panic disappears. When kids don’t have to hurry emotions, it’s easier.  It’s true for us adults too.

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                         7. 'We'll get through this together.'

Have you noticed it’s easier to get through the tough stuff if you’ve got a friend around? It’s true for kids too. This phrase helps them feel supported, gives them confidence to face future challenges, and makes meltdowns less likely. Really! All because that child got to face the tough stuff with someone who loves them, like a mom or dad.


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​When you look at the 7 phrases featured in this post, there’s a common thread. They’re about connecting and understanding parents and children. It’s not about parents controlling a child’s emotions; it’s about guiding children to help them control their own emotions.

These 7 phrases are like seeds. They won’t grow immediately; it takes time. Temper tantrums don’t vanish right away. Everything worth while takes time. To quote this article, “a child who trusts their own feelings, knows they’re worthy of support, and believes that love doesn’t disappear when life gets hard.”
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I believe in a rainy day/blizzard kind of love. It sticks around when life gets tough. It never leaves. It’s always ready to help a child in need, even if they’re all grown up, like mine.

Simon at DiBella Law Office asked me to share a link to their website. I looked, said yes, and decided to add my advice as a retired teacher/parent/grandparent. I’d prepare my kids first before putting them on public transportation.

Simon’s link: dibellalawoffice.com/public-transportation-safety-guide-for-kids/ 

I live in a small town; my kids used school buses. But if you live near a city, your child may have to take public transit. It can be an opportunity to learn safety skills and independence. My goal, to help your kids do it safely. 

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 Part 1: Talk to Your Kids: The first step is to have an age-appropriate conversation. You want to inform your child; to help them feel prepared, not anxious.

For elementary age kids, DiBella’s site suggests that parents focus on strangers. Talk about who’s trustworthy, like transit employees or moms with children, and who to avoid. I’d check in with your local transit system for safety suggestions. It’s in their interest to help you and your child.

​For middle and high schoolers, DiBella suggests that parents have honest conversations with their teens about risk, Unfortunately, that might include physical or sexual harassment. You also need to talk about how to report unsafe conditions. You should be their first contact, and their advocate.

To get them ready, I’d ride with my kids first and talk about what we see. How other people handle situations, what they did right, and what they didn’t. I’d let my kids sit by themselves, with me a few rows back as a safety net. It gives them confidence and lets them test their wings.
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I’d also take DiBella’s suggestion to role-play situations your kids might encounter. Practicing where it’s safe, where they can make mistakes helps kids respond when they need to. A rule for teachers: repeat to remember; remember to repeat. Another strategy, ask your kids what they’d do in problem situations. The faster they can answer, the faster they can respond in real life.


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Part 2: Set Expectations for Behavior: Talk with your child about rules for public transportation. Help them understand there are consequences for breaking them.

Here are 6 rules from DiBella’s website. I’d also double check with your local transit company
to see if they have additional ones.

1. No running or climbing on buses or trains. It’s a safety issue.
2. Be courteous to fellow passengers. Think please, thank you, and excuse me.
3. Use headphones when listening to music and videos. It’s the polite thing to do.

4. Be aware of your surroundings and the people around you. If you’re using headphones,
I’d use 1 earbud to stay tuned in. Sit where you have the best view of the people
​around you. Consider the buddy system; 2 sets of eyes are better than 1.

5. Locate the fire extinguisher. I’d also look for exits in case there’s more than 1.
6. Share your location with your parents/guardians, just in case.
 

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​Part 3: Teach Kids How to Handle Emergencies:

No matter how hard you try, you can’t anticipate everything that could happen to your child. But you can teach them how to respond, and you can minimize harm and maximize their safety. 


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The biggest risk for your child— getting lost or confused.
These 2 tips will help them figure out where they are.

1. Teach them how to read the transit maps so they can find their location in real time.
2. Make sure they know their route and the important landmarks on it.
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               ​Part 4: Teach Them How to Deal with Danger:
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When something feels wrong, tell your child to trust their gut and look around. There might be something broken, a reckless driver, or someone behaving strangely. If that happens, try these 2 tips.

1. Move away from the problem. Giving yourself distance, even backing away, is a good thing.
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2. If things still feel wrong, get off the bus/train and contact a parent right away.
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​Your kids may need to get help from the transit authority, so prepare them ahead of time.​

​ 3. Show them where to find security booths and call boxes along the routes they use.

4. Help them program the transit security number into their phone.

5. If your child gets on or off in a school zone, tell them they can go inside for help.

6. Let them know 911 is the best option for emergencies ​like fire, a serious injury, or crime.
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                                                                                     Part 6: Additional Information and Resources:
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Part of keeping your child safe is teaching them how to handle basic first aid, just in case. You’re giving your child a gift…the knowledge and confidence to handle whatever happens.

1. Keep band-aids and antiseptic ointment in your child’s backpack so they can handle small injuries like cuts.
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2. Talk about the differences between small things and serious ones, like what to do if they’re in a bad fall. Should they ask a transit employee for help or call 911?
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​1. Legal Rights & Protections for Public Transit Passengers

2. Responsibilities of Transit Authorities to Ensure Safety

3. Common Legal Issues Involving Accidents or Negligence on Public Transit

Goodbye, Penny! On November 12, 2025, the US Mint stamped its last penny. They won’t make any more new ones, but there are lots of old ones still around. I wonder, how many can you find in your house?

My Source: https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2025/11/12/penny-discontinued-shortages-us-mint/87214531007/
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​                                                                                                                                      Part 1: The End of the Story: 
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It all started with the Department of Government Efficiency. Think Doge. In January of 2025, they said that 4.5 billion pennies were stamped in 2023, and they cost taxpayers over $179 million. That’s a lot of pennies!

I couldn’t do the math, and Google couldn’t either. So I checked the US Mint’s 2024 Annual Report. They said each penny made in 2024 cost 3.69 cents to make. Ridiculous! To pay four pennies to make one? That’s non-cents! LOL!
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President Donald Trump looked over both reports and then signed an executive order in February 2025. It ordered the US Mint to quit making pennies. They stopped…ten months later. 


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It’s only been a week, but the end of the penny is already affecting businesses like McDonalds. When you use cash, they’ll ask if you could round up to the nearest nickel. Then they don’t need pennies to make change. Why? Thousands of stores can’t get them!

Note—if you use credit cards, no problem. Banks can give you change electronically.
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Some businesses even round down. Losing a few pennies won’t hurt the bottom line in the short term, but over a year it can. Think dollars. Hundreds, even thousands! 


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So what can business do? Ask Congress for help. Businesses have legal issues that are much bigger than mere pennies. Did you know 10 states and some localities already have laws that won’t let business round to the nearest nickel? Ouch!

You’d think government would have addressed this, but you’d be wrong. So what can you do? Use your credit card…it’s an easy button. If you prefer cash, use it. Just round up and be generous to businesses during this time of change. It won’t last forever.

                                                                                                         Part 2: My Top Ten Quotes

​Have you heard some great lines about pennies? I picked ten famous people who had something to say about them.  
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My Source Link: www.azquotes.com/quotes/topics/pennies.html


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​1. "One penny may seem to you a very insignificant thing,
​but it is the small seed from which fortunes spring."

By Orison Swett Marden (1848-1924)
​
American inspiration author & founder of Success magazine



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2. "A penny saved is a penny earned."
And 
"Watch the pennies and the dollars will take care of themselves."

By Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)

American writer, scientist, inventor, statesman,
diplomat, printer, and publisher

PS... J. Paul Getty, founder of the Getty Oil Company, said something similar…
"If you look after the pennies, the dollars will look after themselves." 


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​3. "Human beings have the remarkable ability to turn
nothing into something. They can turn weeds into
gardens and pennies into fortunes."

 By Jim Rohn (1930-2009)
​
American entrepreneur, author, and motivational speaker

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4. "Be careful who you call your friends. I’d rather have
four quarters than one hundred pennies."

By Al Capone (1899-1947)

American gangster and businessman



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6. "Pennies do not come from heaven.
They have to be earned here on earth."

By Margaret Thatcher (1925-2013)

British stateswoman, leader of the Conservative Party,
​and Prime Minister

8. "If teardrops were pennies and heartaches were gold,
I'd have all the treasures my pockets could hold."

By Dolly Parton (1946)

American singer, songwriter, actress,
​philanthropist, and businesswoman

​10. "Whatever your dream is, every extra penny
you have needs to be going to that."

By Will Smith (1968)

American actor, rapper, and film producer




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                                                      Part 3: My Top Ten Songs
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​Can you think of any song titles with pennies? I picked the top ten from an online source.
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​​My Source Link: https://www.ranker.com/list/the- best-songs-about-pennys/reference


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​1. “Penny Lane,” was recorded by the Beatles, a 1960s English band from Liverpool. Think John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr.
 
It was released in February 1967. “Penny Lane” became a top five hit in Europe, and it reached the top of the US Billboard Hot 100.


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2. “Penny Arcade” was sung by Roy Orbison, a famous American singer, songwriter, and guitarist.
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Orbison recorded “Penny Arcade” in 1969. He took it to #1 in Australia and New Zealand, to the Top 30 in the UK, and to #133 in the US. 


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​3. “A Penny for Your Thoughts” was recorded by Willie Nelson, an American singer, guitarist, songwriter, actor, and activist.

He released it in February of 1976. 

4. “Penny Lover” was sung by Lionel Richie, an American singer, songwriter, musician, record producer, and TV personality.

​It was the fifth and final release from Ritchie’s 1983 multi-platinum album, Can’t Slow Down. “Penny Lover” was also a top ten hit on the US Billboard Hot 100. It hung out at #8 for two weeks in December 1984.



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​6. “Throw a Penny” was performed by the Bee Gees, a trio of brothers. Their first names, Barry, Robbin, and Maurice.
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You’ll find “Throw a Penny” on their 1974 album, Mr. Natural. 

8. “Pretty Penny” was recorded by Stone Temple Pilots, an American rock band from San Diego, California.

It came from their 1994 album Purple, but it was released as a 1995 promo single. 

​9. “Penny Hardaway” was recorded by Ghostface Killah and the Cool Kids.
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They released it on their album When Fish Ride Bicycles back on July 12, 2011. 


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10. “The Penny Arcade in California” was recorded by the Neutral Milk Hotel.

It came from their 1998 album, The Aeroplane Over the Sea. Would you believe they actually renamed the song when they were touring?

I was surprised when I got an email from Bella at Cooper Hurley Injury Lawyers. She asked me to share their link about driving safely when you’re pregnant. I never connected the two in the 80s when I had my kids.

I checked their link and found some great common-sense tips I’d like to share with you. Here’s the link to their web site if you want to check it out for yourself.


​                                             Link: https://cooperhurley.com/driving-while-pregnant/

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                                Part 1: Seat Belts & Safety Tips
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Seat Belts: Whether you’re pregnant or not, driver or passenger, wearing a seat belt is the safe thing to do. Take a look at this photo and check out how this mom-to-be is buckled up. She’s following National Highway Traffic Safety Administration guidelines.

1. Mama’s lap belt is under her baby belly. It fits against her hips and pelvic bone. Not across her stomach. That’s dangerous for both mom and baby-to-be.

2. See her shoulder belt? It’s on the shoulder, running across the middle of her chest. It’s not in a dangerous position, like around her neck, or under her arm, or behind her back. Keep as much space as you can between your baby bump and the steering wheel, and as little as possible between your shoulder and the seat belt. 


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​ Safety Tips:
1. Buckle your lap and shoulder belt correctly. They’ll keep you safe.
2. Check with your doctor to see if your medications might affect your driving.
3. Adjust your seat, steering wheel, or seat belt as needed. Space and comfort are good things for both of you.
4. Move distractions. When you’re expecting, focus and memory can be tricky. Things like cell phones can take your focus away from the road.
5. If you’re not feeling well, it’s ok to be a passenger, especially if you’re tired, nauseas, or in pain.

   

​ Road Trips: When you’re pregnant, long commutes and road trips can be a challenge. Think pit stops alone! But don’t worry. I found six ways to stay safe and comfortable.

1. Share your plans. Make sure someone knows when you’ll arrive. Give them a contact number in case you’re running late.

2. Plan for emergencies. Have your insurance cards and contact information ready, just in case.
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3. Pick rest stops carefully. Make sure they’re labeled and well-lit. If you run into a problem, stay in your car.

4. Take breaks, even if you don’t need them. Get out. Stretch your legs. Check out the bathroom. No one wants to feel tired or nauseous.

5. Bring snacks and drinks in case you need them. If you have gestational diabetes, pick healthy ones.

6. Travel in the right clothes. Think loose, casual, and well-worn. Don’t let cute clothes distract you. Think comfy when you’re pregnant and traveling!


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When to Stop: Listen to these 4 signals. They’ll tell you when you need a break and for how long. Don’t be a hero. You’re driving for two.
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1. Discomfort—If you can’t reach the steering wheel, or wear your seat belt properly, or sit comfortably…Take a break. Discomfort affects your focus and your driving.

2. Nausea—most moms-to-be have it. If yours is intense or you get motion sickness, stop! Your body is working for two.

3. Fatigue—anyone who’s tired should take a break. Moms-to-be, you’re building a brand-new person. No wonder you’re tired!

4. High blood pressure—whether it’s chronic or because of pregnancy, STOP! It’s dangerous for you and your precious cargo.
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Car Accidents: Would you believe car crashes happen more often during the second trimester? The rate was 42% higher than for nonpregnant women. There wasn’t data for the first trimester or the third. My guess, they’re both lower than the second trimester.

The most serious kinds of injuries: pre-term labor, hemorrhaging, placental abruption, internal bleeding, miscarriage, and birth complications. They sound like collision injuries, not the kind you get from fender-benders.
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So what do you do in an accident? First, take some slow, deep breaths to calm down. Next keep an eye out for symptoms. If you have a concern, see the doctor. If they’re serious, call 911 or get someone to drive you to the ER. If you see a doctor, follow orders. Ask questions about your condition or about changes you notice.
If you’re in an accident, exchange insurance and contact information. Call the police to make an accident report. Touch base with your insurance company. They’ll help you if you decide to make a claim or get legal advice.


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Post Delivery: Take time after you get home to recoup from childbirth and sleepless nights. If you had a normal birth, give yourself a few weeks to recover from any abdominal pain, bleeding, or soreness. Let family take care of you while you learn to care for your new baby.

If you had a C-section, you’ll need more time to heal. Maybe as much as six weeks before you drive again. Until then, rest up; follow doctor’s orders. Don’t do any lifting or heavy movements. Instead take time to catch up on your sleep and enjoy your new baby. 


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Car Seats: You probably bought yours long before baby’s due date, and you made sure it met safety standards. That it didn’t have any recalls or visible defects.

Make sure you install it a few weeks before your due date. The seat must face backwards according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration guidelines.

No matter what kind of delivery you had, car seats are too heavy for you to lift once baby’s here. Enjoy letting someone else do the heavy lifting; your turn will come soon enough.

Many strollers are designed to hold car seats safely. They’ll help you move baby around, but you’ll still need help getting it out of the car and into the stroller. Your doctor can tell you how much to carry right away, and when you’re fully healed. ​

If you’re my age, do you remember January in second grade? That’s when I learned cursive. It was thrilling! But by the time I was teaching second grade, cursive was gone. The era of teaching to the Ohio Fourth Grade Proficiency Test had begun.
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So what’s so special about cursive? Take a stroll down cursive’s timeline to see how it developed and why it might be coming back.
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                                                          My Sources: Who Invented Cursive? - Word Smarts
                                            Why Cursive Writing and Penmanship Is Important - Word Smarts


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  Part 1: In the Beginning, There was the Roman Empire
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Rome became an empire in 44BC (Before Christ). That’s when Julius Caesar decided to promote himself to emporer, but Rome had already been powerful for 600 years. This illustration features Roman chariot races in a coliseum. Think stadiums with horses and gladiators. 
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Roman scribes modeled their writing after the Etruscans of Ancient Italy. That’s Tuscany, western Umbria, and northern Lazio in modern Italy. If you want to learn more about the Etruscans, check out Wikipedia’s maps and alphabets. Funny, their alphabet only has capital letters.

                                Links: Etruscan civilization - Wikipedia   &    Etruscan alphabet - Wikipedia
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​Check out some real Roman writing! Did you notice it’s all in caps; without one single lower-case letter? It reminds me of the Etruscan alphabet.

Tomorrow: Meet Charlemagne. He came up with a new version too

                       Part 2: Fastforward to Charlemagne and the Middle Ages

​Charlemagne, the King of the Franks and the Holy Roman Emperor, enters the cursive story sometime around 768 AD. He remains on the scene until 814 AD. AD means After the Death of Jesus Christ.
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Charlemagne wanted an English monk to standardize handwriting. Over the years the monks created the first standard form of cursive. Its name, Carolingian script or miniscule.

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Look below, and you’ll see an older example. Carolingian has lower-case letters. There’s separation between each word and even punctuation, but letters aren’t connected yet. Later versions of cursive will be based on Carolingian. 
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During the Middle Ages, parchment grew more expensive, so writers pushed letters and words close together.  Then in the 1400’s the printing press was created, and typeface grew dark and heavy.

By the time the Renaissance came along, people added twists and curls to their writing, making it difficult to read. As a result, people returned to Carolingian. 
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By the 1300s Italian humanism appeared. Did you notice the print is light and elegant? Its name, italic. 

The italics we read in books today looks like this… humanism arose from the study of ancient Greece and Rome, and it spread across western Europe. Interesting, the two fonts look a lot alike.
 

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 Part 3: Cursive Comes to the New World
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When the English came to America, they brought their culture too. Their books and their handwriting. The first and most successful one written especially for the colonies, The New England Primer. Many children learned to read and write from its pages, especially in the northeast.

​This is one of its pages. The verses focus on the role of parents, the wages of sin, and on salvation. Many passages come straight out of the King James Bible. 

I can imagine children placing velum, a thin sheet of paper on top, then tracing over the letters and words. That’s how they learned to write, and it’s also why New England had so many literate citizens. Boys, especially.

Penmanship was a sign of education and wealth, but it also showed your gender. Everyone added flourishes to their writing. Ladies used curves and bows while men favored straight lines. 


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​Do you recognize this document? It’s the Declaration of Independence. 
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I thought it was written by Thomas Jefferson, but it turns out Timothy Matlack, a calligrapher, copied Jefferson’s words onto that original Declaration. The name of that early cursive, Copperplate.

Do you recognize this man? His name is Platt Rogers Spencer; I’d never heard of him either. Platt was an abolitionist. He lived during the 1800’s, and he worked to free slaves before the Civil War. But that’s not why he’s in this post…

In the mid 1850’s he came up with a new form of writing. Its original name, chirythmography. I don’t think I can pronounce it. In Greek it means timed handwriting. Would you believe Platt actually used a metronome to help writers match their pen strokes to a beat?
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BTW, a metronome is used in music to help you play at a steady pace. Not too fast. Not too slow. Funny, I never pictured it as a handwriting tool.

Chirythmography is too fancy for me. I prefer its ordinary name, Spencerian script. It’s much easier to pronounce! Spencer wanted to make penmanship available to everyone, and it worked! Look below…

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Do you recognize this logo? Platt penned it, and it’s been Coke’s logo ever since. His writing style caught on. Many schools and businesses adopted it. Why? Because good penmanship meant opportunities…for jobs and promotions.
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                                                            Part 4: The Twentieth Century and a New Millenia
                                                                     

The late 1800s brought change. Spencerian was too slow for clerks and telegraph operators who had to turn Morse code into cursive. 

​Austin Palmer had a new idea, and a how-to book. He also taught writers to use their arm muscles to write faster. It worked!

The Palmer Method became super successful for business and personal writing. If your great grandparents wrote letters during the early 1900s, their handwriting would have looked like this.

​Do you recognize Zaner-Bloser from your schooldays? I printed in it. In 2nd grade I learned cursive, and in 3rd grade I HAD to use it…on spelling tests and everything else! Imagine spelling a word right but mixing up a cursive stroke. URGH!
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Elmer W. Bloser, a classmate and friend of Zaner, bought part of the company in 1891. Five years later they renamed it, Zaner & Bloser, and in 1921 it became simply Zaner-Bloser. As of 1972 ownership of Zaner-Bloser was sold to Highlights for Children. They still own it, and children still learn their letters from them.


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So what happened to all those kids born in the late 80s like mine? All three of them print. The only thing they write in cursive is a signature. Why?

My two sources claim it’s because of keyboards and touchscreens. That’s partly true: we take tests online. But from my perch as a 2nd grade teacher, it’s testing. From 3rd grade up, tests dominate the curriculum. If it’s not on that test, teachers don’t teach it. They might want to, but penmanship isn’t tested.

In Europe, kids are still taught penmanship, and it’s coming back here in the states. Would you believe in 2024 California became the 22nd state to require that cursive be taught again? Why? Research is beginning to show that there are benefits to cursive, like increasing memory. People who take notes on paper remember things longer. 

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​My two original sources:
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1.https://wordsmarts.com/cursive-penmanship/?lctg=c4d2fe5b-125d-41db-a63c-ea78909f2d82
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2. https://wordsmarts.com/history-cursive-writing/?lctg=a98ce4ad-51ba-48fd-ac39-1bd7f46aac1d

If you’d like to learn more, check out this link. It lists twelve benefits your child will miss if they don’t learn cursive. Link: https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/other/the-death-of-cursive-writing-will-have-serious-consequences-for-your-grandkids/ss-AA1OTN8q?ocid=winp2fp

Do you recognize this landform? It’s the continent of Africa, and this is a political map from 2021. Did you know Africa is the 2nd largest and 2nd most populated continent?  Only Asia is bigger. 
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 Before she left, she had some prep work to do. There were shots to take, for yellow fever, typhoid, and tetanus. And her clothes went to a special place called Insect Shield. Would you believe they soaked them in insect repellent, then let them air dry so she wouldn’t have to worry about bug bites?


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                                    Part 1: The Inspiration for Sandra’s Trip
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​My interest in Africa started when I read the book The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency by Alexander McCall Smith. The series is enjoyable to read. I love the descriptions of Botswana in the books, and the main character, Mma Precious Ramotswe, a traditionally built lady, as she calls herself, not your typical detective.
                   
Precious enjoys drinking rooibos tea, a habit I adopted after reading the books. I also watched a documentary on PBS about a hot-air balloon ride over the Serengeti. I knew I had to fly someday over an African park and witness the animal migrations.


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​It became popular internationally in the 2000s, coincidentally when the book came out, and later it became a TV series. If you’re curious what it tastes like, Wikipedia said it has an earthy flavor and aroma to yerba mate or tobacco. In the UK, it’s known as bush tea, red tea, or redbush tea. Would you believe you can find rooibos tea on Amazon?      
 
 
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                                                        Part 2: Sandra Goes on Safari—Her Photos & Words

​My dream came true this year when I went on a safari in Kenya and Tanzania. I took a hot-air balloon ride over the Masai Mara and saw hundreds of different creatures.   
​

​Seeing animals in their natural habitat, interacting with each other--
zebras with wildebeest, impalas, gazelles….

A leopard hanging in a tree…

​Lions by the side of the road…

​Giraffes munching on acacia leaves…

Cheetahs with their cubs—was incredible. TOTAL MAGIC!

(Rinda) I’m so glad Sandra didn’t forget the elephants, especially the baby!
​

​
​Do you see it in the first photo? There must be something that alerted the adults.
They encircled the baby to protect it. That’s what elephants do when they sense danger.
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Part 3: Sandra Meets the People of Africa—Her Photos and Words
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​I also loved the people I met—their warmth, pride in their countries, and friendliness. I want to return and explore other parts of this vast continent. My memories of Africa have stayed deep in my heart. This photo came from a Masai village in Amboseli Park.

These kids are dressed for school. All children, even in public school wear uniforms. They’re on a field trip at the end of the year to the National Museum of Kenya in Nairobi. Buses brought them from villages outside of Nairobi.
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                                                                   They were very well-behaved children. 



                                                                              Part 4: Africa by the Numbers

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​(Rinda) Africa takes up about 20% of the land on earth. It’s home to 18% of the world’s population. In 2021 that was approximately 1.4 billion people. Africans are the youngest people on earth. In 2012 their median age was 19.7. Worldwide, it’s 30.4. (Median means the number in the middle.)

Africa, as of 2021 is made up of 54 nations. There are also 8 cities and some islands that belong to non-African countries. Would you believe Malta and Sicily are geographically part of the African continent, but both belong to the European Union? Algeria is Africa’s largest country, and Nigeria has the most people.

                                                                                       Source: Africa - Wikipedia


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                                                                                A Map of African Languages
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​(Rinda) Would you believe Africa has between 1,250 and 2,100 languages, depending on how you count the dialects? Some say it could be over 3,000!

There are 7 distinct families of African languages. They’re spread across the continent. Nigeria has the most people and over 500 languages.

                                                                  Learn more at: Languages of Africa - Wikipedia

Can you imagine how one creature, one animal has the power to shape an entire ecosystem? I knew the blue whale was the largest animal that ever lived…Even bigger than the dinosaurs, but I never imagined it could affect our oceans.

When I read an article about blue whales from Animals Around the World, I knew I had to write about them.
​
Their link: https://www.animalsaroundtheglobe.com/why-a-single-blue-whale-can-reshape-an-entire-ecosystem-3-333179/


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1. How Big is a Blue Whale?
​
- A blue whale is 100 feet long, or 6 feet longer than a basketball court.
- It weighs 200 tons. That’s as heavy as the engine pulling a train.
- Their tongue weighs about 2.7 tons. Can you imagine a whale with an elephant-sized tongue?

i -  Their hearts weigh as much as a car. Ours, only 10 ounces. That’s the size of a grocery store can.
- Blue whales pump 220 pounds of blood through their body. That’s what some football players weigh.

- Their arteries are so big grown-ups could swim through them. 
- When a blue whale eats, goes to the bathroom, or decays after death, 
it changes the ocean around them.


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                              ​2. How Much Do They Eat?
​

- One blue whale can eat up to 4 tons of krill in 24 hours.

- 4 tons of krill equal the weight of one hippo.
- It also equals 40 million teeny tiny creatures.
- Each one, 1-2 centimeters long.

- Eating all that krill keeps their population in check.
- That leaves room for other kinds of krill and
plankton to live too.

- Blue whales feed on thick patches of krill.
- A single blue whale can set the trophic levels lower in the ocean.
- The plants and animals at the lowest trophic levels are also at the bottom of the food chain. 

- These 2 animals can equal each other…
- 40 million krill equal one 4-ton hippo.

​                                                                                        
                                                                  ​3. How Do Blue Whales Affect the Ocean?

Do you remember how one blue whale eats about 49 million krill? That’s about 4 tons a day! That gives them the power to keep krill populations in check. It also allows diversity within plankton communities too. 

​This map shows where blue whales live and influence ocean life. They don’t live in the white spaces, and they don’t control krill populations there either. 


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                                                                                                                ​​4. Do Blue Whales Fight Climate Change?
​

Yes, they can! Blue whales live more than 90 years. During that time, they accumulate tons of carbon inside their bodies; 33 tons of carbon dioxide to be precise. When a whale dies and sinks to the bottom of the ocean, it’s called a whale fall. Those tons of carbon are stored away inside their bodies for hundreds, maybe even thousands of years.
​
The blue whale population is now in decline, meaning they’re pulling less carbon out of the environment. One blue whale can capture the same amount of carbon dioxide as thousands of trees, and now there are fewer blue whales to do that.


​

       ​5. Can a Dead Whale Create an Oasis Under the Sea?

Yes! A blue whale stimulates the ocean long beyond its lifetime. As its carcass reaches the ocean floor, the seabed grows rich in resources that can last ocean creatures for 75 years, or the turn of the next century. One blue whale carcass can deposit 2,000 years’ worth of carbon. That’s the year 4025.
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There are 400 species that can colonize a whale fall. Some of those organisms are found nowhere else on earth. That new community will become a hotspot for biodiversity for decades. It will also serve as a steppingstone for the spread of those species across the plains of our deepest oceans. 


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                                               ​​6. Did You Know When Blue Whales Move, It Changes the Ocean?
​

When a blue whale eats, each lunge they make moves over 70 tons of water. The turbulence extends down hundreds of meters. That movement mixes and distributes nutrients, oxygen, and heat through the layers of water. It also affects the chemistry and circulation patterns, and blue whales can temporarily change the temperature and microbes in the water.

Would you believe as blue whales dive and surface, they create pressure waves that keep seafloor sediments in shallow water? It also pulls up buried nutrients for ocean communities. Those disturbances are multiplied across a whale’s migration route. One whale can influence ecosystems across thousands of miles of ocean. 

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​                                                           

​Absolutely! When a blue whale swims into an area full of krill, they change the way they swarm. Krill take defensive measures like migrating vertically, changing when they reproduce, and where they live. Why wouldn’t they? One blue whale eats 4 tons of krill in 24 hours; that’s the weight of one hippo.

When blue whales often swim through an area, the krill population is more stable and diverse. They also feed other ocean animals like seabirds and small fish.

                 8. How Loud Are Blue Whales?
​

They are the    loudest creature on Earth. As the Earth’s largest animal, it makes sense they have a HUGE voice. It’s 188 decibels loud, or as loud as a rocket ship when it blasts off.

Their voice is deep because of its low frequency. Its long wavelength lets it travel hundreds, sometimes thousands of miles across the ocean.

Would you believe the call of one blue whale can change how schools of fish swim? That it can trigger defensive responses in prey, or that it can change migration patterns for zooplankton. Blue whales have ONE powerful voice!


​​

9. Do Migration Routes Affect Ocean Habitats?
​

Absolutely! Blue Whales travel up to 10,000 miles each year between their feeding and breeding grounds. Their routes are biological highways that connect ocean ecosystems. As whales swim between both points, they carry with them nutrients, microorganisms, even parasites.

Seabirds, sharks, and other smaller fish know when whales will arrive. They gather, waiting to share in the feast. Some parasites complete their entire life cycle aboard a whale during one of those journeys. It’s hard to believe that just one blue whale can strengthen an ecosystem. They prevent isolation and promote genetic exchange between distant communities.


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                                                                                                                            10. Do Blue Whales Affect Ocean Evolution?
​

​Absolutely! Krill have changed and evolved how they swarm, migrate vertically, and reproduce based on the presence or absence of blue whales. There are distinct differences between the two krill populations.

The whale’s baleen digestive system also favors certain krill species and sizes over others in the evolutionary fight to survive. That in turn favors some krill-eating seabirds and fish too. It’s hard to believe one blue whale can drive marine evolution across thousands of ocean habitats.
 
​
​

                         11. What if Blue Whales Disappeared?
​

Ocean habitats would suffer. In the Southern Ocean, it’s already happened. Commercial whaling removed about 99% of the blue whales. You can still see the results today.
​
Without whales feeding on them, the krill populations have changed. They’ve grown larger and denser. They’ve stopped changing physically; there’s no need to escape a predator.

There’s also a reduction in nutrients. Without whale poop, there’s less iron in the ocean, almost 40% less. Without their deaths, other creatures aren’t born. They become rarer and more isolated. There are millions of tons of carbon that whales no longer remove and store away. We need blue whales to keep the oceans healthy and thriving. 


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12. Is There Still Time to Save Them?
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                                                                                                     13. Is One Blue Whale Irreplaceable?
​

​The conclusion to the article—YES! A blue whale is so much more than its incredible size. Just one whale influences the ocean by the way they eat, migrate, poop, communicate, and even die. All those things enhance biodiversity, stabilize food webs, and connect distant ecosystems.

Blue whales are one BIG animal in the ocean, but they’re key to its health. With the decline in their population, protecting blue whales is more crucial today for the whales, for the health of our oceans, and for their fellow creatures.
​
My source link: https://www.animalsaroundtheglobe.com/why-a-single-blue-whale-can-reshape-an-entire-ecosystem-3-333179/

Can you imagine meeting King Charles wearing a second-hand dress? That’s exactly what Caroline Jones did earlier this year. Her dress cost £8.50 (£ is the symbol for pounds in British money). I used an internet link and converted it to dollars. That day it equaled $11.49.

Caroline’s invitation came as recognition for her charity work for Cancer Research UK. Every day she finds a thrift store outfit, takes a picture, and puts it on her Instagram feed. Then it goes on sale at her local Cancer Research UK shop.
​

Copy and paste in my Source link: https://www.msn.com/en-au/lifestyle/other/i- wore-an-8-50-dress-to-meet-the-king/ar-AA1IpLVy
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​Her Instagram Feed: https://www.instagram.com/knickers_models_own

​

Part 1—The Story: Caroline’s story started when her mother was diagnosed with breast cancer. Mary volunteered regularly at her local Cancer Research UK shop. When she was going through chemo, she asked her daughter to cover her shift. That’s when Caroline started doing the shop’s window displays. 

When her mother died, Carolyn did her first social media campaign in January 2015. How? She shared a year of photos of herself wearing thrift shop bargains. She came up with a name for her charity and then set up a JustGiving page. Her target, £1,000.

This year Caroline is repeating her campaign using her preloved outfits, and I have a feeling it’s already more successful. Afterall, it caught the attention of England’s King and Queen,

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​

​Are you ready for some bargain basement deals? Try your local thrift store! Think of it as a treasure hunt. When I looked at the original article, Caroline Jones had 11 tips to get you started…



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​​                   #1. Don’t be afraid to clash.

​OOH! I have trouble with this one, but I like Caroline’s suggestion. Pick a basic color and build from there using accessories and make-up. Use them to give your foundation a twist.
​
One of her favorite designs, to pull a triple floral using your dress, bag, and earrings. She said if the dress pattern is too ditzy, go for a bigger one in your accessories. The trick, to balance the outfit so that you’re happy with it. If you aren’t, keep adjusting until you are.


​

 Now Caroline’s talking my language! I love to use jewelry in my outfits. Caroline said she spends 70% of her time thinking about it. Not me. I keep trying things on until I’m happy. When you’re not feeling your best, keep accessorizing until you are. When I dress happy, I feel happy. 



​

No, Caroline didn’t pick this image. I did; it’s from a 1913 ad.  I doubt Caroline gets her underwear from the thrift shop, and I won’t get mine pre-loved either. Wherever you get yours, she said to make sure they’re comfortable and give you good coverage. To quote her, “definitely spend some time on your underwear. It’s something we should all be doing. It makes you feel really good,” and who doesn’t love feeling good?!
 
 
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                                                                                                                                                4. Don’t get hung up on sizing. ​

​​Caroline doesn’t even look at it. She focuses on the cut of the cloth and how it looks. She tries on whatever appeals to her, whether it’s a men’s shirt or a maternity dress. PS—when she posted that dress on Instagram, people wanted to know where to find it. It looked that good on her!


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​                           5. Go for bold color. ​

​Remember the rainbow! Caroline loves color and rarely wears black. Why? It makes her unhappy. Check her Instagram account, and you’ll see color everywhere. Caroline starts an outfit with navies, grays and earth tones. Then she layers in those bright colors.
​
Me, I love black. I only buy pieces when they catch my eye and convince me I’ve got to have them. Then I mix in elements from the store or my closet, until I’m happy with who’s in the mirror.


​

 
I wonder if Caroline buys hers at a thrift shop. I’m not sure I would. She recommended 2 brands…Falke tights…with extra fabric to help them stay up, and they’re on Amazon too. YAY! The other, Heist Studios, in the UK. Sorry. And her tip that I’d never heard before, put moisturizer on your hands and legs first. It prevents snags. I’m dying to try it out!
​
Caroline also likes ankle socks that match the color of her eye shadow or jewelry. She’s been known to pick up souvenir socks and fishnet pop socks. Fishnet pop socks, who knew?! Caroline says at 56, she’s allowed to play with color and messaging. Me, I think fun is priceless at any age.


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​                                                            7. Be playful. ​

​And yes, Caroline’s worn a Snoopy T-shirt on her Instagram page, but you’ll also find her in bowties, tiaras, pillbox hats, and fancy dresses. Thrift shops are a great place to play with your clothes. Where else would you find a cape? But if you think you need one, keep the lines under it simple and neat.
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                                                                                                                        ​8. Embrace the skirt. ​ 

​Caroline loves them, but she also knows a lot of ladies don’t. They’re afraid if they tuck in the top, their hips will look bigger, and no one wants that! Caroline says it’s all about the drape of the fabric, getting the proportions right for you, and drawing the eye up. In this photo, I’m drawn to the hat first, then the shoes. I see the skirt last. Caroline uses jewelry and make-up to get the same effect.
​
PS—I think I should try the same strategy with pants.

If you’re experiencing temperature changes from the weather or menopause, light layers are wonderful! I found these two shots of Caroline on Instagram. Jackets are great! When you’re hot, you pull them off, and when you’re cold, put them back on again.
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And don’t forget, they look great draped over pants and skirts.


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                                                                          ​10. It’s all about proportions. ​

If you have curves, you might look away from a bias-cut dress. They’re cut diagonally and run across your body. If you have broad shoulders, spaghetti straps and halter necks might not be a good choice.

So what works? Nice wide straps, cap sleeves and boat necks. You’ll look better in them and feel better too.

​
​I haven’t looked for a long time…I love leggings.

Caroline’s suggestions, first measure the zipper length with your hand. Caroline likes a long one, like the length of her hand. She wears anything from stonewashed to dark shades. She loves the cut of wide-leg button-fly Levi 501 ‘54s. Would you believe they’re based on a pair of jeans made back in 1954? And now, they’re back!
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Whether you pick wide-leg or boot cut, take a look in the mirror to see if you like the way you look.
After reading and sharing these tips, take a chance and walk through your local thrift shop. Who knows, maybe you’ll find a treasure! Me too!

I remember bringing my first child home some 38 years ago. It was easy…my husband drove. It took a couple weeks before I finally made MY first drive. I remember the fear and anxiety like it was yesterday. I hope sharing this post will make it easy for you to take that first trip together.

​This link came in an email from Morgan Coleman and The Barnes Firm. Please feel free to share this link/post with anyone who’s expecting. It would make my day, Morgan’s too. We both love being helpful?!
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                         And that link: thebarnesfirm.com/driving-with-infants-tips-for-new-parents/


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This is one of the most important choices you’ll make for your baby. Here’s the original checklist:
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• Rear-facing seats with a secure 5-point harness
• Easy-to-read level indicators
• Lightweight carriers with ergonomic handles (That are easy to use. Yes, please!)
• Models that click into a stroller base for convenience (I wish I’d had this!)
• Convertible seats, if you want a longer-term option (And this too!)

 
Three additional things to consider…Make sure your seat is free from product recalls and that you don’t see any defects (if it’s been in an accident, walk away). Finally think about your routine, car size, and the number of times you’ll pull that seat in and out. Back in my day, we eyeballed ours and picked the one that looked best.

 
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#2. Installing that car seat
​

Installing the seat correctly is as important as selecting it. Here’s the original list:
​

• Follow both the car seat and vehicle manuals closely
• The seat should not move more than an inch in any direction when installed
• Do not use the LATCH system and seatbelt together (I’d check the manuals for this one.)
• Keep the harness snug and the chest clip at armpit level (This is the only tip I’ve used so far. I buckle my grandson in whenever I’m his chauffer. I have to make sure they’re in the right position every single time I drive him around😊)
• Check for expiration dates and never use a seat that has been in a crash (If you’re in one…get a new car seat too.)

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When a baby cries or needs a bottle, all you want to do is pick them up. Don’t. It’s super dangerous. You can’t protect them from harm in a car, even if you’re in a low-speed crash. I’m not going to imagine it at a higher speed.

It’s also illegal. Babies and small children must ride in the back seat, facing backwards, properly secured and buckled into that car seat. It’s the only way to keep them safe. But, there’s an option…I use it all the time…I buckle in beside baby!
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​Get ready for take-off! Here’s the original list from the website:
​

• Confirm the car seat is still secure and anchored.
• Check that the harness is correctly positioned.
• Make sure the temperature inside the car is comfortable.
• Stock the diaper bag and emergency kit. (I’d stock the bag the night before. Then double check before I load baby into the car seat.)
• Adjust mirrors so you can check on your baby without turning around. (There’s a new camera/mirror that lets you see baby’s face while you drive. Amazing!)

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                                                                                                           #5. Never leave baby alone in the car
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Cars heat up quickly, and babies can’t hold their body temperature steady. If they’re left alone, baby could suffocate, have a heat stroke, or even be kidnapped. It’s also illegal in many states. You might think you’ll only be gone a few minutes, but it’s just not worth the consequences if something goes wrong.

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​

    #6. Minimize distractions so you can focus on driving
​

When baby’s crying, it’s excruciating for anyone, especially a new parent.  Here’s the original list of tips:

• Set your phone to “Do Not Disturb.”
• Avoid eating, texting, or multitasking.
• Use a baby-safe mirror so you can glance back without turning. (I’ve watched my daughter use hers. It’s amazing!)
• Keep toys or pacifiers in reach, but only hand them to your baby while parked. (You can even attach both to the car seat. It’s great for older babies.)

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                                                                                                                        7. If your baby is crying, it’s OK to pull over
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​Having a baby screaming from the backseat can push any parent’s buttons. The simplest solution—look for a safe place to pull over and fix what’s bothering baby. There’s no shame in it; it’s what smart parents do for baby, for themselves, and for everyone’s safety.


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Tips for Reducing Stress While Driving as a New Parent​

Life finds a way…that’s a quote from the movie, Jurassic Park.The scientists from Colossal want to bring back extinct animals like the dire wolf. Someone from Animal Planet wrote a cautionary post so fascinating I had to write about it too.

                 The Link: https://www.rindabeach.com/blog/game-of-thrones-are-dire-wolves-back
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I just found a post from Animals Around the Globe that makes that quote even more true. Here are 13 creatures that now exist because somehow, life found a way.

                                                That link: 13 Creatures That Did Not Exist 100 Years Ago
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                                                                                               #1. The Coywolf
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Would you believe it’s a cross between a coyote and a wolf? It’s one of North America’s most successful hybrids. This one was spotted in West Virginia near the Virginia border.

In the early 1900s wolves in the east were hunted to death, so coyotes moved in, mated with wolves, and created a new species, the coywolf. It’s about 60% coyote, 30% wolf, and 10% dog. Looking at the picture, a coywolf is bigger than a coyote but smaller than a wolf. That means they thrive in forests and in urban areas too. Some hybrids can’t have babies, but coywolves can. Their population already numbers in the millions. 


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​                                                                     #2. The London Underground Mosquito
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​I’d never heard of mosquitoes in the subway, but they’re definitely in London. They were born when the Underground was built in the late 1800s, and they were recognized as a species in the 1990s.

Underground mosquitoes can breed year-round. They don’t hibernate like their above-ground cousins. The ones underground prefer mammal blood, especially human. They can reproduce without it but can’t mate with their cousins above-ground. 



                                                                                              #3. The Grolar Bear
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It’s not a typo. Some say it was a match made by climate change. As the Arctic has grown warmer, polar bears and grizzlies met and created a new species…the grolar bear. It’s also known as a pizzly…This one came from the Osnabrück Zoo in Germany.

The first wild grolar was shot by a hunter in Canada in 2006, although my source thought Native Americans already knew about it. Grolars are a combination of both bears. They’re middle sized with humped shoulders like a grizzly, but they have the creamy fur and extended neck of a polar bear. Their fur isn’t pure white; it’s spotted with grizzly brown patches.   
 


​                                                                                                    #4. Glofish

​Meet the first genetically modified animals to be sold as pets. They hit stores in 2003. A few common kinds—zebrafish, tetras, and tiger barbs. Their colors—red, green, orange, blue, and purple. Put them under ultraviolet lights, and their color is spectacular.

Would you believe glofish didn’t begin as pets? Scientists at the National University of Singapore designed them to monitor the environment. They took genes from bioluminescent jellyfish and sea anemones and put them into zebrafish. There are some arguments over how they were created, but it also shows how technology can create new life. 



                                                                                                #5. Ligers and Tigons
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Ligers and Tigons, oh my! They’re magnificent and man-made. Ligers have lion fathers and tiger mothers, and Tigons have tiger fathers and lion mothers. 

But neither animal could exist in the wild—they’re from different parts of the world, plus they often have health problems. Add in that it’s difficult for them to reproduce. Sometimes female ligers and tigons can have cubs, but males rarely can. No wonder they’re a controversial animal that only exists in zoos.

Fun fact—Ligers are known for their size. The world’s biggest cat, Hercules. He stands 11 feet tall on his hind legs and weighs over 900 pounds. He is ONE, BIG cat!



                                                                                                           #6. Beefalo

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​Can you guess this hybrid? It’s part cow and part buffalo, and it was dreamed up on purpose. Cattlemen have been trying since the 1880s, and they finally did it in the 1970s…3/8 buffalo and 5/8 cow. This one is supposed to be a bull, but where are the horns? My source showed one that was part Texas longhorn. That beefalo HAD HORNS!

Beefalo have some real advantages. Their meat has less fat, cholesterol, and calories, and it’s higher in protein. Beefalo have the hardiness of the buffalo, but they’re docile, make milk and baby calves like cows do. Beefalo love cold weather, and they’ll thrive on cheaper forage.
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I’ve never heard of beefalo meat, but I read The American Beefalo Association registers thousands of them every year. Maybe someday I’ll find it at the grocery store!
 


                                                                       #7. Savannah Cat 
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Here, kitty, kitty ! This one is only four months old, but it’s rather extraordinary. Part house cat. Part serval. That’s a medium sized wild African cat. The first one was born in 1986 when someone put a wild and tame cat together. I thought wild animals stayed wild at heart.
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Savannah cats have long legs, sharp ears, and a spotted coat. They have a house cat’s temperament and a wild cat’s energy and intelligence. They’re great at jumping and solving problems, yet they’re loyal like dogs. Would you believe the International Cat Association recognized them in 2001, or that they won championship status in 2012? 

Sounds like a normal breed, but it all started with a natural mutation.  Before selective breeding, the Belgians were big milk and meat producers. Then cattlemen discovered a mutation…it regulates muscle growth. It lets Belgians develop 20-30% more muscles than their nonmutated cousins.

That means Belgians are lean and mean. Their nickname, ‘bodybuilder cattle.’ Can you see it in this photo? The good news—their meat is less fatty, has more protein. The down side—most female Belgians need a Caesarean section to give birth. If you look up Belgians on Wikipedia, you’ll see a female. It looks like she has a huge patch on her side. It’s a scar from giving birth. Sad fact—the modern Belgian looks completely different from their nonmutated great grandparents a hundred years ago.
  


                                                                      #10. Africanized Honey Bees

When I read the title, I immediately thought of Dolly the sheep. She made news in 1996 when she became the first successful animal to be cloned or copied from an adult cell.

Evidently, I missed the other news. Dolly was the first mammal. The first animal ever cloned, a northern leopard frog in 1952. Carps, the fish came in the 1960s. After Dolly, cloning exploded, literally! Mice and cattle in 1998, goats in 1999, pigs 2000, rabbits 2002, horses 2003, dogs 2005, and last but not least ferrets in 2020.
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I thought of clones as copies, but they actually have a few tiny differences from the original animal. That’s because of the differences in where and how the two grew up. Cloning could preserve endangered species, create special research animals. It could even revive extinct species, but that made me think of dire wolves and Jurassic Park. YIKES!



                                                                  #12. Genetically Modified Lab Animals
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​No, the mice in the picture weren’t the first GMO animals, but they were the first to have foreign DNA added to their embryos back in 1974. By 1980, scientists came up with the opposite, ‘knockout mice.’ They disabled certain genes for research purposes. In 1988 someone patented the ‘OncoMouse.’ Poor Mouse, it was genetically designed to develop cancer, but it made history…the first animal ever patented.  

The possibilities are endless now, like the mice in the photo. Ultraviolet light makes them glow. Would you believe there are goats that make spider silk protein in their milk? The silk has medical uses for things like artificial ligaments, and it also makes airbags work better. Wow, great silk!

There’s more…pigs with immune systems to help transplant research, mosquitoes designed to resist malaria parasites., and the saddest…mice who will develop Alzheimer’s or muscular dystrophy. I’m sad for the mice, but grateful for future patients. My dad died from Alzheimer’s. It feels like we’re living in a brave new world.
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                                                                                          #13. Carolina Hamsters
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​This is a pet Syrian hamster, and it’s where the Carolina story begins…with the pets escaping or being released into the wild. They adapted, evolved, and were found in the southern Appalachian Mountains. That was in 2013. When scientists checked their DNA, it had already changed, 60-70 years ago. That means they’re the youngest mammal on the planet.

Our newest mammal has 3 different names: the Carolina, Eastern, or Appalachian hamster. It’s bigger than its pet ancestor. It has thicker fur and hibernates better. It’s more nocturnal and guarded. The Syrian hamsters had to change, to survive.

The Carolina hamster has done what most escaped pets can’t…it survived, without invading or destroying its neighborhood. Finding them showed scientist how quickly evolution occurs when a creature faces new problems. Syrian hamsters found a way to live, and thrive.